All they have standardization has been an vital goal that contributes to a major role and responsibilities towards the particular project and risk management. Improvement factors of a project: Like in chemical bonding all atoms are well integrate to Major problem that we saw in many construction project produce a successive substance.
Integration management is paradigm is to miscommunication as well as individuals or the most important knowledge area, which provide platform group are not well integrated. As we know Integration management is circulate through This coordination is heavily keep worth between the team out the life cycle of project management from initial to members who tend to develop a strong bound and closure and most significantly in planning phase [4].
Dynamically individually. Further more he must be satisfied with the establishment realize the importance of water reservoirs for work project. Because of the pivotal role of a customer economic progress, as Pakistan is an agricultural country and satisfaction process is a cornerstone for achieving objectives. Customer always complain about the project they proposed Mangla, Tarbela, and Kala bagh as three are not finished on time.
As a captain of a ship, project largest reservoirs in Pakistan. But unfortunately Kala bagh is manager has to play a responsible role for managing the pending due to weak and failure integration management project, bringing it on time and within the estimated cost will system.
The integration and interaction of stakeholders and their Other factors like quality and environmental management roles is the key of any project for its successful completion. Politicians national and local and equipments spare parts and machines are main 3. Authorities and expert national resources that will help to improve the quality of project in a 4. International parties WB, UNDP very short time period and persons who are associated with Although in Nov 29, Lahore High Court ordered to those equipment must be capable to operate them technical federal government to build KBD as soon as possible, but no and management knowledge is necessary for enhancing one want to take this responsibility.
Federal government obviously. So, Pak-Iran gas pipeline project is also very interesting project identifying cause of delays and avoidance of it makes over debate where all political parties of world best enhancement [7]. This project is this project due to personal political problems. If this project very complicated because at both end residential and would be successful then impact on the economy of Pakistan commercial area situated and underground utilities of gas, is incredibly increased and plenty of gas will help in many water, and sewer lines were constructed already.
In this case areas of it. It can be avalanche, landslides like disasters are common there. Completing of projects on time with started. Stakeholders in this project involve local quality and estimated costing that reflect customer resources.
Government, Insurance bodies, Iceland catastrophe All in all enhancements in effective construction project insurance, Funds and contract repair organization. In the past surly help to accomplish the project objective, they should theses bodies have not been coordinate and well integrated not be neglected.
Enshassi A. Salleh R. Social Sec. Management for Brunei Construction Projects: Assoc. Ismail A. Meredith J. Shi H. Shafiq F. Notes in Elec. Shiau Y. Awan S. Elevation of Foundation Entry of all Activities in Primavera Gantt Chart Showing the time scale and relationship between Activities Assigning resources to the various activities Yellow Highlight Showing completed activities Plan the Project Schedule using Primavera P6.
Calculate the approximate cost of the building. It was first launched in by Autodesk, Inc. AutoCAD Architecture allows designers to draw 3D objects such as walls, doors and windows, with more intelligent data associated with them rather than simple objects. The data can be programmed to represent products sold in the building industry, or it can be extracted into a file for pricing material estimation etc. In this project AutoCAD has been used extensively for drafting and modelling for the structure.
Also the various detailing for the foundation has also been completed using AutoCAD. It was acquired by Bentley Systems in STAAD pro allows designers and structural engineers to design and analyse virtually any type of structure through its very flexible modelling environment, fluent data collection and advanced features.
S codes in more than 7 languages. Using STAAD Pro one can check all the structural parameters in a design such as bending moment analysis, shear force analysis, buckling in a column, loads, deflection thereby helping the structural engineer in designing the structure better. This features also corrects the designers in case of any mistake and rectify it. It is also useful in cost estimation as it also gives the various quantities of steel, reinforcement and concrete take off thereby reducing the load of cost estimation from the engineer.
Primavera offers us the following software component and various better options for us to choose from: Primavera P6 Professional was built to get us running, planning and scheduling as early as possible.
With a very easy and an intuitive navigation, we can begin planning, scheduling and controlling our project faster than anyone can ever think possible.
Required by many of the owners in their project specifications, this product is the gold-standard when it comes to its planning and managing projects. Whether the project is a sophisticated complex multi-billion dollar infrastructure project or an easy and simple residential or commercial building, P6 Professional is what we need. Primavera P6 Professional is an ideal for organizations that require managing and planning either a single project or multiple projects all together while supporting a multi-user access across a department or for the entire organization.
Anyone can install this software by either as a standalone installation or a network installation. The Primavera P6 facilitates organizations to improve the process of project management by gaining knowledge of from their experiences and using that resulting insight to new and more sophisticated projects. By using Primavera P6 as the basis for project plans and helping our organization persistently refine the planning of project and management process throughout the project life cycle.
Excel has various inbuilt calculation tools which can be used for complex calculation. The user interface is very friendly and easy to use. There are around Rows: 1,, Columns: 16,, which makes it easier for the user to enter a large amount of data into a single spreadsheet.
Also there are features like the auto correct which make changes to the entire document if there is an error in inputting an entry.
This makes the job the less redundant and easier for the Estimator. The key objective of cost estimation is to arrive at an accurate cost and schedules so as to avoid schedule slips and cost overruns. Cost estimation goes beyond preparing approx. The wide range of topics in cost estimation represents the crossing of various fields such as project management, business management and engineering.
Cost estimation recognises and pays attention to the relationship between cost and physical dimension of what is being built. In a construction project there are several types of estimators such as building estimator, electrical estimator, quantity surveyor etc.
The work of an estimator is very important because they help in planning, managing the project cost, investment appraisal, risk analysis etc. Estimators also help in budgeting, planning and monitoring a project.
Chapter 2 Literature Review 2. The software has various inbuilt tools for complex drafting. With the help of AutoCAD all the drafting for the project has been done. It has made the life of a drafter quite easy than the conventional drafter using paper and pencil. It has made possible to make easy changes in the drawing as and when required. That input file, a text file consists of a series of commands which are sequentially executed.
The GUI Modelling facility creates the input file through an interactive graphics oriented procedure. Columns are also to be modelled with the floor in a FLOOR structure as long as the structure has no horizontal loading.
This software has a very user friendly interface which helps any project manager to keep tabs on the work that is going on and what work is to follow next. The project manager can show his client the progress of his work in real time which is quite necessary to please the client. The various activities and there time schedules are shown using an animated Gantt chart. The chart also shows the relationships between various activities and these activities are linked to the various resources for easy monitoring.
All the progress can be monitored in real time and appropriate actions can be taken if there is any problem in following the schedule. Also Primavera allows the user to keep a tab on the cost, labour and the resources in real time. This helps the project manager to plan better and keep the costs. Primavera is better than conventional planning in the way that the user knows the status of the work in real time which provides a lot of flexibility to the user to keep the project under control.
The dead loads acting on the slab were calculated manually while live load, seismic load and wind load have been entered by following respective IS Codes.
The design was done using limit state of design according to IS They showed how efficiently and easily such a high rise building can be designed within a very short span of time. The results showed that the building with seismic load combination required more reinforcement than the building with the wind load combination.
B Raj Kiran Nanduri This research paper focusses on the comparison between earthquake resistant analysis and design vs the non-earthquake resistant analysis and design using STAAD pro.
This paper shows that the concrete and reinforcement requirement for both structures is similar and that there is no higher cost involved in building a structure with seismic loading. It helps in proper visualisation of the project to be undertaken and thus help students in learning Engineering Design better.
Chapter 3 Methodology 3. There are various parts of the code that deal with the various load types such as dead load, live load, wind load, snow load and various special loads and load combinations. As the building is situated in Delhi and is not a high rise building, loads such as wind and snow were not considered in the design process. The Code gives the unit weights of various materials as well as the values of imposed loads that act in various types of structures and parts of these structures.
The layout was then prepared using AutoCAD. The various layouts were prepared and then later discussed with the architect for error correction. Once the layout was transferred, multiple stories were created using the Translational Repeat Tool in Staad Pro. After this member properties were assigned. Next the load cases were generated and applied to the structure.
Once the loads were applied the structure was analysed and corrections were made to the structure for the various errors that were generated while the structure was being analysed. All the design parameters were entered and load cases selected.
This completes the design of the beam, columns and slabs. For designing the foundation STAAD foundation program is opened and the structure along with the load cases is transferred. Once this is done the soil conditions and the type of foundation is entered. After this the program analyses and designs the foundation.
At first the project details are entered such as start and finish date, field related to the project. After the project has been created WBS is created and their related activity. Once this has been done the time schedule of each activity is entered and their related resources are assigned. As these things are carried out a gantt chart is created simultaneously which is the ultimate goal for using primavera. Remaining calculation left to be done is the calculation of walls, cement plaster, doors and windows, earthwork and foundation.
The calculations are based on the centreline method which is quite easy to do. Accordingly the building has been laid in the centre of the plot leaving ample space on all the sides for landscaping and pathways for cars and for visitors parking. Combined lobby for all floors. Below is a screen shot of the line diagram showing the centre line for beam and column layout.
Fig 1. Beam and Column Layout using Layers In the above picture the red lines signify the beam centre line while the green rectangular boxes signify the Columns.
The beams have a cross section of. The columns have a cross section of. Slabs have a uniform thickness of mm while the staircase slab has a thickness of mm. The floor to floor to height is kept at 3. All the work has been done in layers in AutoCAD, for easy editing and viewing.
Layers make it easy to manipulate each individual layer making it visible and invisible for clarity as well as locking the layer to prevent editing in them. The various layers that have been used are 1. Walls 2.
Beams 3. Columns 4. Slabs 5. Window 6. Door 7. Each apartment has two master bedrooms with attached bath n toilet. The third bedroom shares a common bath and toilet with the rest of the apartment. There are a total of 8 apartments divided in 4 floors. The ground floor of the building will be used as parking.
Fig 2. The landing is of size 4mx1m. There are two sizes of doors a 1x2. The smaller size door have been used in bathrooms and closets.
There is also a provision for balcony with a width of 1. The elevation is then created by using Translational Repeat tool.
Fig 3. The total width of the building is The figure also shows the X,Y,Z direction. Here Y direction s taken as the vertical component. Circle 2. Rectangle 3. TEE 4. Trapezoidal 5. General 6. Tapered I Steel Section 7. Tapered Tube Steel Section 8.
0コメント